Measuring and switching light grids

Measuring light grids and switching light grids are types of optoelectronic sensors that are used in industrial automation to detect objects or monitor positions.

1. Measuring light grids:

Measuring light grids are used to carry out precise measurements of distances, positions or profiles of objects. They consist of a transmitter and a receiver unit, which are mounted opposite each other. The transmitter generates a light beam that is detected by the receiver unit. If an object interrupts the light beam, the position of the object is calculated by measuring the time it takes for the light beam to travel from the transmitter unit to the receiver unit. Measuring light grids can be used to measure lengths, widths, heights or to detect deviations.

2. Switching light grids:

Switching light grids are used to detect the presence or absence of objects. They also consist of a transmitter and a receiver unit. The transmitter generates a light beam that is detected by the receiver unit. If an object interrupts the light beam, a switching signal is triggered that can be used as an input signal for control systems. Switching light grids can be used to monitor access points, to detect faults in production or for safety in machines.

Both types of light grids work with infrared or laser light sources and use photodiodes or phototransistors to detect the light. They offer a non-contact and reliable method for object detection or for measuring distances or positions.

Measuring light grids are frequently used in automation technology, especially in industrial production. They are used to record objects or to monitor processes. Some applications for measuring light grids are

1. Object recognition: Light grids can be used to detect the presence or absence of objects. This can be used in the packaging industry, for example, to check whether all products are present in a package.

2. Position detection: By evaluating the light interruptions, light grids can be used to detect the position of objects. This can be used in robotics, for example, to determine the exact position of workpieces.

3. Flow measurement: Light grids can be used to measure the flow of objects. This can be used in conveyor belts, for example, to monitor the speed of materials.

4. Control of distances: Light grids can also be used to monitor the distance between objects. This can be used in the assembly line, for example, to ensure that the parts are arranged at a certain distance from each other.

Switching light grids, on the other hand, are often used for safety applications to protect hazardous areas. Some applications for switching light grids are

1. Person recognition: Switching light curtains are often used to detect people in hazardous areas and automatically stop machines or processes to prevent accidents.

2. Access control: Switching light grids can also be used to monitor entrances in order to control access to certain areas. They can be used in buildings, for example, to ensure that only authorized persons enter certain areas.

3. Machine safety: Switching light grids are often used in conjunction with safety relays or controls to monitor machines and switch them off automatically in the event of danger. This ensures the safety of operating personnel.

4. Robot safety: Switching light grids can also be used in robotics to ensure safe cooperation between humans and robots. They monitor the area around the robot and stop the robot if a person gets too close.

These applications are just examples and there are many other possible uses for measuring and switching light grids, depending on the specific requirements of an application.

Measuring and switching light grids offer various advantages over other sensor technologies:

1. High sensitivity: Light grids can detect the finest objects or movements because they are based on light. This makes them ideal for applications where precise detection is required.

2. Large detection range: Light grids can cover a large area and thus enable the monitoring of larger areas or machines. This reduces the number of sensors required for monitoring.

3. Flexibility: Light grids can be adapted to different requirements as they are available in different sizes and configurations. Depending on the application, they can be arranged horizontally or vertically.

4. Fast response time: Light grids generally react very quickly to changes in the detected area. This allows them to react to events in real time and trigger an immediate alarm message.

5. Robustness: Light grids are often robust and resistant to environmental influences such as dust, dirt or moisture. This makes them ideal for use in industrial environments.

6. Energy efficiency: Light grids generally consume less energy than other sensor technologies such as ultrasonic or radar sensors. This leads to lower operating costs and a longer battery life in battery-powered applications.

7. Versatility: Light curtains can be used in a variety of applications, including machine monitoring, access control, security monitoring and quality control. They can also be used in combination with other sensors to enable more comprehensive detection.

It is important to note that the choice of sensor technology depends on the specific requirements of the application. In some cases, other sensors such as ultrasonic or radar sensors may be more suitable.

Measuring light grids are frequently used in industry for the non-contact detection of objects. They consist of a transmitter and a receiver unit, between which a series of light beams is stretched. If an object enters the light beam, the beam is interrupted and this is detected by the receiver unit. Measuring light grids can be used to detect the presence, position or movement of objects. They are used in the packaging industry, for example, to ensure that products are placed or packaged correctly.

Switching light grids are used to trigger a switching function when an object enters or interrupts the light beam. They also consist of a transmitter and a receiver unit, which are connected by a light beam. If the light beam is interrupted, an output signal is generated that can be used to activate other devices or to trigger switching operations. Switching light grids are often used in industry for safety purposes, for example to switch off machines if an employee enters the danger zone. They can also be used in automation technology to control the flow of production processes.

There are various types of measuring and switching light grids, including

1. Reflection light grid: This design consists of a transmitter and a receiver opposite each other. The light is emitted by the transmitter and detected by the receiver. If the light is interrupted by an object, the receiver detects this and emits a signal.

2. continuous light grid: This design consists of several transmitters and receivers arranged in a row. The object is guided through the light beam of the individual transmitter-receiver pairs. If the light beam is interrupted by the object, the corresponding receiver recognizes this and emits a signal.

3. Stray light light grid: This design consists of a transmitter and a receiver located next to each other. The light is emitted by the transmitter and detected by the receiver. The object is located between the transmitter and receiver and reflects the light in the direction of the receiver. If the reflected light is interrupted by the object, the receiver detects this and emits a signal.

4. Switching light grid: This design consists of a transmitter and a receiver opposite each other. The light is emitted by the transmitter and detected by the receiver. If the light is interrupted by an object, the receiver detects this and switches an output on or off.

5. Measuring light grid: This design consists of a transmitter and a receiver opposite each other. The light is emitted by the transmitter and detected by the receiver. The light is measured continuously, for example to determine the position or speed of the object.

These designs can be used depending on the application and requirements.

With measuring light grids, the signal is transmitted by measuring the light intensity. The light grid consists of a light source that emits light beams and a receiver that detects the light beams. There are several light barriers between the light source and the receiver, which can be interrupted. If a light barrier is interrupted, the light intensity detected by the receiver changes. This change is then interpreted as a signal and processed further.

With switching light grids, the signal is transmitted by opening or closing an electrical contact. The light grid consists of a light source and a receiver, similar to the measuring light grids. If a light barrier is interrupted, the status of the electrical contact connected to the receiver changes. This change of state is then used as a signal and can be used, for example, to control a machine or trigger an alarm.

The performance of measuring and switching light grids is influenced by various factors. Here are some important factors:

1. Number of light beams: The number of light beams used by a light grid can influence its performance. The more light beams are used, the more accurately the light grid can detect or switch objects.

2. Resolution: The resolution of the light grid is an important factor for performance. A higher resolution enables more accurate detection of smaller objects or finer details.

3. Range: The range of the light grid determines how far the light can reach to detect or switch objects. A longer range allows greater flexibility in the installation and use of the light grid.

4. Environmental influences: The environment in which the light grid is used can influence its performance. Factors such as dust, moisture, vibrations or extreme temperatures can affect the accuracy and reliability of the light grid.

5. Reflectivity of the objects: The reflectivity of the objects that the light grid detects or switches can influence the performance. Objects with low reflectivity can be more difficult to detect, while objects with high reflectivity may reflect too much light and lead to false alarms.

6. Interference: Interference from other light sources or electronic devices can impair the performance of a light grid. It is important to ensure that the light grid is protected from external interference to ensure accurate measurements or switching.

7. Alignment and installation: Correct alignment and installation of the light grid can also affect performance. Incorrect alignment can lead to false alarms or inaccurate measurements.

These factors are general influencing factors and can vary depending on the specific light grid model and application. It is important to follow the manufacturer's specifications and instructions to ensure optimum performance of the light grid.

Various challenges can arise during the installation and maintenance of measuring and switching light grids:

1. Positioning: The exact positioning of the light grids is crucial for their correct function. It can be difficult to position the light grids so that they cover all the desired areas and yet are not blocked by other objects.

2. Adjustment: The light grids must be correctly adjusted to enable reliable measurements and switching. This requires precise alignment of the transmitter and receiver units and, if necessary, adjustments to the sensitivity.

3. Ambient conditions: Light grids can be affected by external factors such as dust, dirt, moisture or extreme temperatures. It is important to install the light curtains in an environment that can withstand these conditions and to check them regularly for soiling or damage.

4. Cable connections: Connecting the light curtains to other devices or control systems requires properly installed and protected cable connections. A faulty connection can lead to malfunctions or failures.

5. Calibration and commissioning: After installation, the light grids must be calibrated and put into operation. This may require special knowledge or tools to ensure that the measurements and circuits function correctly.

6. Maintenance: Light grids should be serviced regularly to maintain their performance. This may include cleaning the transmitter and receiver units, checking and, if necessary, replacing cable connections or updating software.

7. Malfunctions and troubleshooting: Even when properly installed and maintained, light curtains can occasionally malfunction. In such cases, it is important to identify the cause of the problem and take appropriate troubleshooting measures to minimize the interruption to operation.